Abstract: Cellulose, a primary biopolymer, comprises linear β-D-glucopyranose units linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds, forming a carbohydrate chain replete with hydroxyl groups. Notably, Gluconacetobacter xylinus, a gram-negative bacterium, stands as a paramount producer of cellulose microfibrils. Komagataeibacter sp. also produces cellulose, a versatile biomaterial with significant industrial value. Cellulose wields extensive influence in diverse sectors including pulp, paper and pharmaceuticals. While being non-toxic, biodegradable and physiologically inert, it simultaneously serves as a sustainable biofuel source Acetobacter sp., a non-photosynthetic, purple bacterium, is capable to enzymatically yield various organic substrates (Glucose, Glycerol etc.) into cellulose with high purity and unique physicochemical properties that make it attractive to sectors like textiles, biomedicine and bio-based polymers. During the latent phase of bacterial cells, bacterial cellulose biosynthesis rate is unaffected by inhibitors targeting protein synthesis. Bacteria like Acetobacter xylinum, maintains internal enzymes when is exposed to UDP-[14C]-glucose in the presence of bis-(30,50)-cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) or GTP. Acetobacter xylinum is thus a go-to model organism for comprehending full process of bacterial cellulose biosynthesis starting with glucose.The biosynthesis pathway is pivoted on key enzymatic reactions such as Glucose phosphorylation catalyzed by Glucokinase and Glucose-6-phosphate isomerization catalyzed by Phosphoglucomutase. Further, the bacterial cellulose matrices integrate with commercial hydrophobic polymers (Persoftal-MS and Baygard-EFN) eliciting a cohort of pliable, renewable, ventilative and water impermeable nanocomposites which effectively permeate the bacterial cellulose matrix, forming secure adhesions with nanofibres throughout material's depth. This augmentation affords an avenue towards production of durable, adaptable nanocomposites ideally suited for applications within the shoe industry.This review provides a detailed overview of the production and properties of bacterial cellulose and several parameters affecting the production and its biocomposites, elucidating their antimicrobial potential.