30, March 2026

Environment and the Agrarian Structure in Early Medieval Kashmir: A Historical Study of the Nilamata Purana and the Rajatarangini

VOLUME-10; ISSUE-3; MAR-2026

Author(s): Dr. Wasim Akram

Authors Affiliations:

Department of History, University of Jammu

DOIs:10.2017/IJRCS/202603004     |     Paper ID: IJRCS202603004


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Abstract: This paper explores the relationship between environment and agrarian structure in early medieval Kashmir through the Nilamata Purana and the Rajatarangini. It argues that the valley’s transformation from a lake into fertile land created distinct ecological zones that shaped settlement and cultivation patterns. The differentiation between alluvial plains and Karewa plateaus influenced cropping systems and irrigation practices. Agriculture formed the core of the economy, supported by horticulture, saffron cultivation, forest resources, and cattle wealth. The study demonstrates that these texts preserve valuable ecological and agrarian insights, revealing the close interdependence between environment and society in early medieval Kashmir.  
Key Words: Land System, Cropping Pattern, Rural Economy Nilamata Purana, Rajatarangini.

Dr. Wasim Akram (2026); Environment and the Agrarian Structure in Early Medieval Kashmir: A Historical Study of the Nilamata Purana and the Rajatarangini, International Journal of Research Culture Society,    ISSN(O): 2456-6683,  Volume – 10,   Issue –  3,  Available on – https://ijrcs.org/

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